Most face milling is done by up-cut milling on light machines with lead or ball screws. However, climb milling should be used as much as possible, which will achieve better processing results.
Because during up milling, strong friction occurs before the insert cuts, which causes the machined surface to harden, making it difficult for the next tooth to cut. When down milling, the milling width should be approximately equal to 2/3 of the cutter diameter,
This ensures that the cutting edge cuts into the workpiece immediately from the start, with little or no friction. If it is less than 1/2 the diameter of the cutter, the insert starts to “rub” against the workpiece again, because the thickness of the cut becomes smaller when entering,
The feed per tooth will also be reduced due to the narrowing of the radial cutting width. The result of “friction” is that the tool life is shortened. For carbide tools, it is more beneficial to increase the feed per tooth and reduce the depth of cut.
Therefore, when rough milling, if the radial cutting width is smaller than the radius of the milling cutter, the tool life will be increased and the processing time will be shortened by increasing the amount of cutting. Of course, fine milling requires a smooth surface of the workpiece, so the number of passes should be limited

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