1 . CNC Lathe Tool Compensation
CNC lathe tool compensation, including compensation for tool position and tool radius compensation in two ways. T functions specified processing procedures used in , T *** X XX for the tool in the first two numbers, the latter two for the tool compensation No. XX , such as T0202. If the tool compensation number is 00 , then cancel the cutter compensation .

( 1 ) compensation for tool wear or tool position to reinstall the tool position tool change caused by the establishment , after executing the tool position compensation , its processing does not require reprogramming . Approach is to measure the position of each tool and enter into the specified memory , the program instruction execution tool compensation , the actual position of the tool will replace the original position.
If there is no tool compensation , the tool moves from 0:00 to 1:00 , the corresponding block is N60 G00 C45 X93 T0200, if cutter compensation is X = +3, Z = +4, and stored in the corresponding compensation memory after execution tool compensation the tool moves from 0:00 to 2:00 , not 1:00 , the corresponding block is N60 G00 X45 Z93 T0202.

( 2 ) when the tool radius compensation for CNC lathe machining program preparation , the tip is seen as a turning point ( P imaginary tool nose point ) , but actually in order to improve tool life and reduce the surface roughness , car knife tip is ground into small radius arc ( AB tip arc ) , which will produce an error processing the workpiece shape . On the other hand , the location of the tip arc shape of the workpiece turning will also have an impact , and these can be used to solve the tool radius compensation . The shape and position of turning is called the tip orientation parameters , parameter 0 to 9 , said , P theoretical point tip point .

( 3 ) tool compensation parameters for each tool compensation number corresponding tool offset (X and Z values ​​) and tool radius compensation (R and T values ​​) of four parameters prior to processing the input to the corresponding memory and displayed on the CRT . In automatic execution, the CNC by the memory of X, Z, R, T values ​​, automatically correct position error and automatic tool nose radius compensation.

2 . Machining center, CNC milling machine tool compensation
Machining center, CNC milling CNC system, tool compensation , including tool radius compensation , the angle compensation and tool length compensation and other compensation .

( 1 ) Tool radius compensation (G41, G42, G40) tool radius value stored in memory HXX in advance , XX is the memory number. After executing the tool radius compensation , the CNC automatically calculates enable automatic tool compensation calculated in accordance with the results . Tool radius compensation left (G41) refers to the direction of the programming tool machining trajectory bias the left , the right tool radius compensation (G42) refers to the direction of the programming tool machining trajectory biased to the right . Tool radius compensation with G40, cancel cutter radius compensation is also available H00.
Points for Attention : create, abolish knife stoppage time, that the use of G41, G42, G40 command block must use G00 or G01 , G02 may not be used or G03, tool radius compensation when a negative value , G41 and G42 functions interchangeable.

Tool radius compensation has B and C function features two compensation forms . Since B function tool radius compensation only tool compensation calculation procedure under this paragraph , the program can not solve the problem of transition between segments , requires a rounded contour handle the transition , so the process is not good at workpiece corners , C function tool radius compensation can be processed automatically transfer tool center two blocks trajectory can be completely programmed in accordance with the contour , so almost all modern CNC machine tool radius compensation function using C . This requires the establishment of follow-up two blocks tool radius compensation program segment must specify the compensation plane displacement commands (G00, G01, G02, G03 , etc. ) , otherwise it is impossible to establish the correct tool compensation .

( 2 ) the angle compensation (G39) is the angle between two planes intersect , may produce excessive overtravel cut , resulting in processing errors , the angle can be compensated (G39) to resolve. Use angle compensation (G39) should pay attention to the instruction , the instruction is non-modal , and is only valid within the block of instructions, can only be used after the G41 and G42 commands.

( 3 ) the tool length offset (G43, G44, G49) use the tool length offset (G43, G44) command can change the program at any time without changing the tool length compensation , the compensation amount deposited by the H code instruction memory. G43 represents the amount of memory in the compensation program instructions and end coordinates of the sum , G44 represents subtraction , cancel tool length offset G49 command or H00 instruction available . Block N80 G43 Z56 H05 and in memory if 05 is 16 , then the end point is 72mm.
Compensation value memory , the available MDI or DPL previously stored in the memory , the block can also be represented command G10 P05 R16.0 compensation amount in the memory 05 is 16mm.